In recent years, livestock production systems that take animal welfare (AW) into account have become an international trend, and in Japan as well, the importance of AW has increased with the issuance of technical guidelines for species-specific animal management. Previous studies have focused on laying hens and pigs, evaluating technologies that improve animal comfort through better housing environments and management practices, together with assessments of the costs required for their implementation. These outcomes have been compiled into practical guidelines. Building on this foundation, future research will aim to further develop sustainable animal welfare technologies that address climate change adaptation and energy efficiency, while promoting on-farm implementation through demonstration studies, human resource development, and extension activities.
